STACK IN PYTHON MADE EASY

Stack is an essential concept in computer science, and is related to memory management and the way that data is stored and accessed in a program.

In Python, a stack is a linear data structure that follows the Last In First Out (LIFO) principle. This means that the last item added to the stack will be the first one to be removed. To implement a stack in Python, you can use a list, with the append() method used to push elements onto the stack, and the pop() method used to pop elements off the stack.

For example:

stack = []
stack.append(1)
stack.append(2)
stack.append(3)
print(stack) # Output: [1, 2, 3]
stack.pop()
print(stack) # Output: [1, 2]
stack.pop()
print(stack) # Output: [1]

You would use a stack when you need to maintain a last-in, first-out (LIFO) order of elements. Stacks are commonly used in computer programming for a variety of purposes, including:

1. Function call management: The call stack is used to keep track of function calls and to return control to the correct location in the code when a function returns.
2. Algorithm implementation: Many algorithms, such as Depth-First Search and Tower of Hanoi, use stacks to keep track of intermediate results.
3. Expression evaluation: Stacks can be used to evaluate mathematical expressions by converting them to postfix or reverse Polish notation.

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